Liquid fuel burner and variable supply means therefor



Aug. 23, 1932. H. NIGHTINGALE LIQUID FUEL BURNER AND VARIABLE SUPPLY MEANS THEREFOR Filed Jan. 17, 1931 .THU.

avwemtoz H v v a arryJKqi/ugga/e flaw Patented Aug. 23, 1932 PATET FFICE HARRY NIGHTINGALE, OF UNION CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO TODD PRYDOGK, ENGINEERING & REPAIR CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK,'N. Y., A. CORPORATION OF ITEW YORK LIQUID FUEL BURNER AND VARIABLE SUPPLY MEANS THEREFOR Application filed January 17, 1931. Serial No. 509,293.

This invention relates to apparatus for atomizing liquid fuel at varying pressures, and to variable pressure fuel supply means therefor, and my improvements may be briefly stated as comprising these features.

1. The provision in a liquid fuel burner of separate passage-ways and means at one end of the burner for atomizing liquid fuel delivered thereto either through one or both of said passage-ways, and the provision at the other end of said burner of pressure controlled means whereby liquid fuel, at moderate pressure, is supplied to one only of said passageways, or, is supplied at greater pres- I 15 sure to both said passage-ways.

2. The provision of a liquid fuel supply system for variable pressure burners which comprises a single line of piping adapted to convey fuel at relatively high pressure to a series of burners, said line of piping including reduction valves adapted to diminish the pressure of the fuel for delivery to the burners. By the aid of these inventive features an object is attained of supplying through a single line, to one or a series 0 burners, liquid fuel at either low or high pressure, and another object is served in adapting the burner for the automatic selective reception, and efficient atomization of liquid fuel at either low or high pressure.

Other features and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a burner, broken away.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the burner.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the fuel delivery portion of the burner.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-51 of Fig. 3 with parts 19 and 8 removed, an

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line I 55 of Fig. 3 with the part 8 removed.

The improved burner herein illustrated is generally of the Todd type, having the usual jacket or air supply tube 1, which engages at its rear end .with the housing 2 and has the deflector 3 provided at its forward end. An 'inner tube 4, in spaced relation within tube 1, engages at its rear end with the coupling member 5, and at its forward end has an atomizer structure.

As in the patent to George P. Haynes, No. 1,656,894, a central tube 6 is employed in the present burner construction because my improved burner also requires the provision of two separate passage-ways for liquid fuel, the tube 6 being contained within tube 4, and having separate means of engagement with coupling member 5.

Threaded upon and extended from tube 4: at its forward end is a tubular member 7 that itself is exteriorly threaded toward its forward end.

The tube 4 is termed by me the low pressure supply tube and both tubes 4 and 6 together are utilized to convey liquid fuel at high pressure to the atomizer.

The nozzle structure comprises a rear-ward element, an intermediary element and a forward circular plate or tip 8 provided with an atomizing orifice 9 for fuel delivery. The rearward element consists of a tubular neck portion 10 that fits over the forward end of tube 6, and is provided with a front disk-like formation or end portion 11, of larger diameter than tubular portion 10, including a radial flange 12, whose rearward face is in abutting relation with the inner end of tubular'member 7, whereby said flange 12 constitutes' an end closure member for the tube 4, but said-flange 12 has orifices 13 therethrough for the passage of liquid fuel, said orifices communicating with an annular groove 1 1 formed in the forward face of end portion 11. The centre of end portion 11, which serves as the inner boundary of groovel l, has orifices 16 extending therethrough, to thus provide means of communication from neck portion 10 and tube 6 through end portion 11, and tangential grooves 17 connect said orifices 16 with a central pocket or depression 18 formed in said front of end portion 11.

The intermediary element of the nozzle structure comprises a disk 19 having an encircling flange that projects beyond both faces of the disk, the flange at one side being denoted by the reference numeral 20, and at the other side by the numeral 21. Disk 19 is placed in abutting relation against end porscrewed upon tubular member 7 and has an inturned flange 26 that engages the tip plate 8, whereby said cap member binds the nozzle members together in their assembled relation.

It will be noted that the tubular member 10 is flared outwardly at its forward portion, giving it a conoidal effect, and that the orifices 16 are inclined outwardly through end portion 11 from the interior of member 10, whereby liquid fuel, driven through orifices 16 from passage-way 6, against disk 19, takes 4 a more acute angle in entering grooves 17,

which direct the fuel tangentially into central pocket 18, where it is caused to whirl and whence it is delivered to the atomizing orifice 9, passing through the intermediary orifice 22 which forms a restricted extension of the whirling chamber.

The other flow path for liquid fuel in the nozzle assemblage is that which leads from tube 4 and is projected through holes 13 against disk 19, in the groove 14, thence passing, through hole 23, into tangential groove 24, which directs the flow into orifice 22, that, with the cavity 18 forms the whirling chamber anterior the atomizing orifice 9.

It is to be understood that the passage-way 4 is to convey liquid fuel at low pressure, which may, by way of example, be at lbs, passage-way 6 at this time being unused, but when liquid fuel is supplied to the burner at high pressure, which may, by way of example, be at 180 lbs., then both passage-ways 4 and 6 will be in service.

The coupling member 5, which is secured in operative position against bushing 28 by housing screw 29, is here shown as provided with t e separate chambers 30, 31; tube 4 opening into chamber 30, and tube 6 fitting into a central aperture 32, in coupling 5,

which aperture opens into chamber 31. A passage 33 extends outwardly from chamber 30 through the coupling member into communication with a passa e 34 in the bushing that terminates in a camber 35, with which chamber a supply pipe 36 connects. Sim1larly, a passage 36a extends outwardly from chamber 31 through the coupling member into communication with a passage 37 in the bushing.

The bushing has an angled extension 38 that is provided with a cylindrical chamber ing, by passage 40, with chamber 35. A spring loaded valve 41 normally closes passage 40, whereby passage-way 4 is alone in service, by way of passages 34, 33, when liquid fuel is supplied to the burner at low pressure. The spring 42, which holds valve 41 to its seat, thereby preventin the flow of liquid fuel to passage-way 6 y way of passages 37, 36a while the supply is at low pressure, is set to permit release of valve 41 under higher pressures. Thus, assuming it is desired, for example, to operate the burner at a low pressure of 60 lbs. and a high pressure of 180 lbs., the spring may be set to yield at a pressure of 90 lbs. at which pressure and higher pressures liquid fuel will be supplied to both passage-ways 4 and 6.

A screw plug 43 closes the end of chamber 39, and a separate plug 44 is threaded in said chamber to be lengthwise adjustable therein, said plug 44 engaging one end of spring 42, whose other end engages a bearing member 45 carried by the valve stem 46, which is slidable in a bore 47 in the plug 44, thereby ermitting the strength of the spring loa ing upon the valve to be regulated.

From the foregoing description, taken in conjunction with the illustrations it will be apparent that liquid fuel supplied at moderate pressure, say up to 60 lbs., supplied in chamber 35, will fail to release valve 41 and hence will be limited in its fiow to the passage-way 4, thus comprising a low pressure supply. But when the pressure of the supply to chamber 35 is raised sufiiciently to force valve 41 away from its seat, which sufiicient pressure may for example be 90 lbs., then the liquid fuel supply will pass also to passageway 6, and, as stated, this higher pressure may for example be at 180 lbs. The stated low and high pressures are, of course, only arbitrarily named, and are intended to be indicativeof the wide range character of the burner supply means comprised in my improvement.

Variations within the spirit and scope of my invention are equally comprehended by the foregoing disclosure.

I claim:

1. The combination with a liquid fuel burner having an atomizer and separate passage-ways in communication with said atomizer, of liquid fuel supply means, and pressure control means connected with the burner for directing the flow of liquid fuel at low pressure to one passage-way and at higher pressure to both passage-ways.

2. The combination with a liquid fuel burner having an atomizer and separate pas sage-ways in communication ith said atomizer, of liquid fuel supply means, pressure control means connected with the burner for directing the flow of liquid fuel at low pressure to one passage-way and at higher presawyer sure to both passage-Ways, and means for regulating said pressure control means.

3. The combination with a liquid fuel burner having an atomizer and separate passage-ways for liquid fuel in communication with said atomizer, of supply means for said passage-ways, one of said passage-ways being open to the supply, and a spring loaded valve to close the other of said passage-ways at low pressure, said valve opening under higher pressures to open said other passageway.

4. The combination with a liquid fuel burner having an atomizer and separate passage-Ways for liquid fuel in communication with said atomizer, of supply means for said passage-ways, one of said passage-Ways being open to the supply, a spring loaded valve to close the other of said passage-ways at low m pressure, said valve opening under higher pressures to open said other passage-way,

and means for regulating the spring load upon said valve.

5. The combination with a liquid fuel :5 burner having an atomizer and single line supply means, said burner having separate passageways for liquid fuel flow at difl'erent pressures, one of said passageways being open, and means for closing the other pas 3o sageway at low pressures, said means yielding underhigher pressures to admit liquid fuel to said other passageway.

New York, N. Y., January th, 1931.

HARRY NIGHTINGALE.

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